SPN 100 - FMI 4 (Fault Codes: Oil Pressure Circuit Low) - Detroit Diesel Diagnostic Link (DDDL) Software
SPN 100 FMI 4
SPN100 FMI4
OPS: Oil Pressure Sensor - Input Voltage Low (DETROIT 60 Series)
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| Figure 1.1 - Oil Press Circ Low (EEC Display) |
DDC Code # (Flashed) = 36
PID = P100
FMI = 4
Fault Description = Oil Pressure Sensor - Input Voltage Low
#DESCRIPTION OF FLASH CODE 36
Flash Code 36 indicates that the engine Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS), see Figure 1.2, input to the
ECM has dropped below 5% (normally < 0.25 volts) of the sensor supply voltage.
This diagnostic condition is typically:
→Open sensor signal circuit
→Open sensor +5 volt supply circuit
→Sensor signal is shorted to sensor return circuit or to ground
→Sensor +5 volt supply is shorted to the sensor return circuit
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| Figure 1.2 - Oil Pressure Sensor |
#TROUBLESHOOTING FLASH CODE 36
The following procedure will troubleshoot Flash Code 36.
1). Multiple Code Check
Perform the following steps to check for multiple codes.
1. Plug the diagnostic data link adapter (Nexiq USB-Link) into the diagnostic port.
2. Turn vehicle ignition switch ON. Read More: How to Connecting DETROIT Engine using Detroit Diesel Diagnostic Link (DDDL).
3. Read active codes.
→If flash codes 100/4 and 19/4, and no other codes were logged, refer to "Sensor Check".
→If flash codes 100/4 and 19/4 were logged and none of the following codes were logged: 19/3. 110/3 or 4, 174/3 or 4, 175/3 or 4, 101/3 or 4, 102/3 or 4, 73/3 or 4, 94/3 or 4, 100/3, refer to "Sensor Check".
→If flash codes 100/4 and 19/4, and any of the following codes were logged: 19/3, 110/3 or 4, 174/3 or 4, 175/3 or 4, 101/3 or 4, 102/3 or 4, 73/3 or 4, 94/3 or 4, 100/3, refer to "Engine Sensor Harness".
NOTE: In this case, multiple active codes (Input Voltage Low) are present:
- 172/4 (Air Inlet Temp) - SPN 172 FMI 4
- 94/4 (Fuel Press Sensor) - SPN 94 FMI 4
- 174/4 (Fuel Temp Sensor) - SPN 174 FMI 4
- 100/4 (Oil Press Sensor) - SPN 100 FMI 4
- 404/4 (TCO Temp) - SPN 404 FMI 4
- 102/4 (Turbo Boost Sensor) - SPN 102 FMI 4
- P148/4 (Unknown Error) - SPN 148 FMI 4
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| Figure 1.3 - Fault Codes (Logged) |
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| Figure 1.4 - Unknown Error (P148/4) |
2). Sensor Check
Perform the following steps to check the sensor.
1. Turn ignition switch OFF.
2. Disconnect OPS connector and install a jumper wire between sockets B and C of the OPS harness connector. See Figure 1-2.
3. Turn ignition ON.
4. Read active codes.
5. If active codes 100/3 or 4 or 19/3 or 4, were logged, proceed with the following:
→If active codes 100/4 or 19/4 and any other codes were logged, refer to "Check for +5 Volts".
→If codes 100/3 or 19/3, and any other codes except 100/4 or 19/4 were logged, refer to "Check Oil Pressure Sensor Connectors".
6. If active codes 100/3 or 4 or 19/3 or 4 were not logged, warm up engine until either codes are logged or the engine temperature (COOLANT TEMP or OIL TEMP) has been greater than 60 deg C (140 deg F) for one minute.
→If active codes 100/4 or 19/4, and any other codes were logged, refer to "Check for +5 Volts".
→If codes 100/3 or 19/3 and any other codes except 100/4 or 194 were logged, refer to section "Check Oil Pressure Sensor Connectors".
3). Check Oil Pressure Sensor Connectors
Perform the following steps to check the OPS connectors.
1. Turn ignition OFF.
2. Check terminals at the OPS connectors (both the sensor and harness side) for damage: bent, corroded and unseated pins or sockets.
→If the terminals and connectors are damaged, repair them.
→If the terminals and connectors are not damaged, replace the OPS.
Perform the following steps to check the sensor.
1. Turn ignition switch OFF.
2. Disconnect OPS connector and install a jumper wire between sockets B and C of the OPS harness connector. See Figure 1-2.
3. Turn ignition ON.
4. Read active codes.
5. If active codes 100/3 or 4 or 19/3 or 4, were logged, proceed with the following:
→If active codes 100/4 or 19/4 and any other codes were logged, refer to "Check for +5 Volts".
→If codes 100/3 or 19/3, and any other codes except 100/4 or 19/4 were logged, refer to "Check Oil Pressure Sensor Connectors".
6. If active codes 100/3 or 4 or 19/3 or 4 were not logged, warm up engine until either codes are logged or the engine temperature (COOLANT TEMP or OIL TEMP) has been greater than 60 deg C (140 deg F) for one minute.
→If active codes 100/4 or 19/4, and any other codes were logged, refer to "Check for +5 Volts".
→If codes 100/3 or 19/3 and any other codes except 100/4 or 194 were logged, refer to section "Check Oil Pressure Sensor Connectors".
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| Figure 1.5 - Engine Harness Connector to Oil Pressure Sensor |
3). Check Oil Pressure Sensor Connectors
Perform the following steps to check the OPS connectors.
1. Turn ignition OFF.
2. Check terminals at the OPS connectors (both the sensor and harness side) for damage: bent, corroded and unseated pins or sockets.
→If the terminals and connectors are damaged, repair them.
→If the terminals and connectors are not damaged, replace the OPS.
4). Check for +5 Volts
Perform the following steps to check for +5 volts.
1. Turn vehicle ignition OFF.
2. Remove jumper wire.
3. Turn ignition ON.
4. Measure voltage on OPS harness connector, socket C (red lead) to socket A (black lead).
→If the voltage measurement is less than 4 volts, refer to "Check for Open +5 Volt Line".
→If the voltage measurement is greater than 6 volts, refer to "Check for Short to Battery +".
→If the voltage measurement is between 4 and 6 volts, refer to "Check for Signal Open".
5). Check for Signal Open
1. Turn vehicle ignition OFF.
2. Remove jumper wire.
3. Turn ignition ON.
4. Measure voltage on OPS harness connector, socket C (red lead) to socket A (black lead).
→If the voltage measurement is less than 4 volts, refer to "Check for Open +5 Volt Line".
→If the voltage measurement is greater than 6 volts, refer to "Check for Short to Battery +".
→If the voltage measurement is between 4 and 6 volts, refer to "Check for Signal Open".
5). Check for Signal Open
Perform the following steps to check for signal open.
1. Turn the ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect the engine harness connector at the ECM. See Figure 1-5.
3. Install a jumper wire between sockets A and B of the OPS harness connector.
4. Measure resistance between sockets P2 and Y2 on the engine harness connectors.
→If the resistance measurement is less than or equal to 5 ohms, refer to "Check for Short to Ground".
→If the resistance measurement is greater than 5 ohms or open, the signal line (#530) is open. Repair the open.
6). Check for Short
Perform the following steps to check for a short.
1. Remove jumper wire.
2. Measure resistance between socket P2 and a good ground. Also measure resistance between P2 and Y2.
→If both resistance measurements are greater than 100 ohms or open, replace OPS.
→If either resistance measurement is less than 100 ohms, the signal line (#530) is shorted to the return line (#452) or battery ground. Repair short.
7). Check ECM Connectors
Perform the following steps to check ECM connectors.
1. Check terminals at the ECM harness connector (both ECM and harness side) for damage: bent, corroded and unseated pins or sockets. Check W1, P2 and Y2 terminals and pins at ECM.
→If the terminals and connectors are damaged, repair them.
→If the terminals and connectors are not damaged, reprogram the ECM.
8). Check for Open +5 Volt Line
Perform the following steps to check for open +5 volt line.
1. Turn ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect the engine harness connectors at the ECM.
3. Install a jumper wire between pins A and C of the OPS connector.
4. Measure resistance between sockets W1 and Y2 on the engine harness connector.
→If the resistance measurement is less than or equal to 5 ohms, refer to "Check for Short".
→If the resistance measurement is greater than 5 ohms or open, the engine +5 volt line (#416) is open. Repair the open.
9). Check for Short
Perform the following steps to check for a short.
1. Remove jumper wire.
2. Measure resistance between sockets A and C on the OPS harness connector. Also measure resistance between socket C and a good ground.
→If either resistance measurement is less than or equal to 100 ohms, the engine +5 volt line (#416) is shorted to the return line (#452) or battery ground. Repair the short.
→If the resistance measurement is greater than 100 ohms or open, replace OPS and refer "Check ECM Connectors".
10). Check for Short to Battery +
Perform the following steps to check for a short to battery.
1. Remove both fuses to the ECM.
2. Disconnect the vehicle harness and 5-way power connectors at the ECM. See Figure 1-6.
3. Measure resistance between socket W1 on the engine harness connector and socket B3 of the vehicle harness connector, and between W1 and the 5-way power harness sockets A and C.
→If resistance measurement is greater than 100 ohms, or open, replace OPS.
→If resistance measurement is less than or equal to 100 ohms, a short exists between sockets where less than 100 ohms resistance was read. Repair short and reinsert fuses.
11). Check for Short to Ground
Perform the following steps to check for a short to ground.
1. Turn vehicle ignition OFF.
2. Remove jumper wire.
3. Measure resistance between sockets P2 and Y2 on the engine harness connector. See Figure 1-5.
→If resistance measurement is greater than 100 ohms, or open, refer to section "Check for Short".
→If resistance measurement is less than or equal to 100 ohms, the signal line (#530) and return line (#452) are shorted together. Repair the short.
TROUBLESHOOTING ENGINE SENSOR HARNESS
The following procedure will troubleshoot the engine sensor harness.
Note: Apply this to the ECM and harness associated with the fault.
1). Check for Low Battery Voltage
Perform the following steps to check for low battery voltage.
1. Plug in the diagnostic data reader (DDR).
→If flash code 168/1 is logged, refer to "TROUBLESHOOTING FLASH CODE 46", will write on next post.
→If flash codes 168/1 is not logged, refer to "Check for +5 Volts".
2). Check for +5 Volts
Perform the following steps to check for +5 volts.
1. Turn vehicle ignition switch OFF.
2. Disconnect the Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS) and Turbo Boost Sensor (TBS) connectors.
3. If applicable, disconnect the Fuel Pressure Sensor (FPS).
4. Turn vehicle ignition switch ON.
5. At each sensor harness connector, measure voltage between socket C (red lead) and socket A (black lead).
→If the voltage measurement is between 4.7 and 5.2 volts, the voltage reading is correct. Check voltage at the next connector. If all connector voltage readings are correct, refer to "Check ECM Connectors".
→If the voltage measurement is less than 4.7 volts at any or all connectors, refer to "Check for +5 volts or Return Open".
→If the voltage measurement is greater than 5.2 volts at all connectors, refer to section "Check for Short to Battery".
3). Check ECM Connectors
Perform the following steps to check the ECM connectors.
1. Check terminals at the ECM engine harness connector (both the ECM and harness side) for damaged, bent, corroded and unseated pins or sockets.
→If the terminals and connectors are not damaged, check all sensors, especially OPS, TBS, and TPS (on vehicle system), this indicates that there is no problem on the engine sensor harness.
→If the terminals and connectors are damaged, repair them.
4). Check for +5 volts or Return Open
Perform the following steps to check for +5 volts or return open.
1. Turn vehicle ignition switch OFF.
2. Disconnect the engine harness connector at the ECM.
3. Install a jumper wire between sockets A and C of any sensor connector that reads less than 4.7 volts. Refer to "Check for +5 Volts".
4. Measure resistance between sockets W1 and Y2 of the engine harness connector.
→If the resistance measurement is less than or equal to 5 ohms, refer to "Check for Short to Ground".
→If the resistance measurement is greater than 5 ohms or open, either the engine +5 volt line
(#416), or the return line (#452) is open. Repair the open.
5). Check for Short to Ground
Perform the following steps to check for short to ground.
1. Turn vehicle ignition switch OFF.
2. Remove jumper wire.
3. Measure resistance between sockets A and C of the sensor connector.
4. Measure resistance between socket C of the sensor connector and a good ground.
→If the resistance measurement for both readings is greater than 1,000 ohms or open, refer to "Check ECM Connectors".
→If either resistance measurement is less than or equal to 1,000 ohms, the engine +5 volt line (#416) is shorted to either the sensor return line (#452) or to chassis ground. Repair the short.
6). Check for Short to Battery
1. Turn the ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect the engine harness connector at the ECM. See Figure 1-5.
3. Install a jumper wire between sockets A and B of the OPS harness connector.
4. Measure resistance between sockets P2 and Y2 on the engine harness connectors.
→If the resistance measurement is less than or equal to 5 ohms, refer to "Check for Short to Ground".
→If the resistance measurement is greater than 5 ohms or open, the signal line (#530) is open. Repair the open.
6). Check for Short
Perform the following steps to check for a short.
1. Remove jumper wire.
2. Measure resistance between socket P2 and a good ground. Also measure resistance between P2 and Y2.
→If both resistance measurements are greater than 100 ohms or open, replace OPS.
→If either resistance measurement is less than 100 ohms, the signal line (#530) is shorted to the return line (#452) or battery ground. Repair short.
7). Check ECM Connectors
Perform the following steps to check ECM connectors.
1. Check terminals at the ECM harness connector (both ECM and harness side) for damage: bent, corroded and unseated pins or sockets. Check W1, P2 and Y2 terminals and pins at ECM.
→If the terminals and connectors are damaged, repair them.
→If the terminals and connectors are not damaged, reprogram the ECM.
8). Check for Open +5 Volt Line
Perform the following steps to check for open +5 volt line.
1. Turn ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect the engine harness connectors at the ECM.
3. Install a jumper wire between pins A and C of the OPS connector.
4. Measure resistance between sockets W1 and Y2 on the engine harness connector.
→If the resistance measurement is less than or equal to 5 ohms, refer to "Check for Short".
→If the resistance measurement is greater than 5 ohms or open, the engine +5 volt line (#416) is open. Repair the open.
9). Check for Short
Perform the following steps to check for a short.
1. Remove jumper wire.
2. Measure resistance between sockets A and C on the OPS harness connector. Also measure resistance between socket C and a good ground.
→If either resistance measurement is less than or equal to 100 ohms, the engine +5 volt line (#416) is shorted to the return line (#452) or battery ground. Repair the short.
→If the resistance measurement is greater than 100 ohms or open, replace OPS and refer "Check ECM Connectors".
10). Check for Short to Battery +
Perform the following steps to check for a short to battery.
1. Remove both fuses to the ECM.
2. Disconnect the vehicle harness and 5-way power connectors at the ECM. See Figure 1-6.
3. Measure resistance between socket W1 on the engine harness connector and socket B3 of the vehicle harness connector, and between W1 and the 5-way power harness sockets A and C.
→If resistance measurement is greater than 100 ohms, or open, replace OPS.
→If resistance measurement is less than or equal to 100 ohms, a short exists between sockets where less than 100 ohms resistance was read. Repair short and reinsert fuses.
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| Figure 1.6 - ECM Vehicle Harness Connector |
11). Check for Short to Ground
Perform the following steps to check for a short to ground.
1. Turn vehicle ignition OFF.
2. Remove jumper wire.
3. Measure resistance between sockets P2 and Y2 on the engine harness connector. See Figure 1-5.
→If resistance measurement is greater than 100 ohms, or open, refer to section "Check for Short".
→If resistance measurement is less than or equal to 100 ohms, the signal line (#530) and return line (#452) are shorted together. Repair the short.
Engine Sensor Harness
Description: indicates a fault within the Engine Sensor Harness affecting signals of various sensors used by the DDEC system.TROUBLESHOOTING ENGINE SENSOR HARNESS
The following procedure will troubleshoot the engine sensor harness.
Note: Apply this to the ECM and harness associated with the fault.
1). Check for Low Battery Voltage
Perform the following steps to check for low battery voltage.
1. Plug in the diagnostic data reader (DDR).
→If flash code 168/1 is logged, refer to "TROUBLESHOOTING FLASH CODE 46", will write on next post.
→If flash codes 168/1 is not logged, refer to "Check for +5 Volts".
2). Check for +5 Volts
Perform the following steps to check for +5 volts.
1. Turn vehicle ignition switch OFF.
2. Disconnect the Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS) and Turbo Boost Sensor (TBS) connectors.
3. If applicable, disconnect the Fuel Pressure Sensor (FPS).
4. Turn vehicle ignition switch ON.
5. At each sensor harness connector, measure voltage between socket C (red lead) and socket A (black lead).
→If the voltage measurement is between 4.7 and 5.2 volts, the voltage reading is correct. Check voltage at the next connector. If all connector voltage readings are correct, refer to "Check ECM Connectors".
→If the voltage measurement is less than 4.7 volts at any or all connectors, refer to "Check for +5 volts or Return Open".
→If the voltage measurement is greater than 5.2 volts at all connectors, refer to section "Check for Short to Battery".
3). Check ECM Connectors
Perform the following steps to check the ECM connectors.
1. Check terminals at the ECM engine harness connector (both the ECM and harness side) for damaged, bent, corroded and unseated pins or sockets.
→If the terminals and connectors are not damaged, check all sensors, especially OPS, TBS, and TPS (on vehicle system), this indicates that there is no problem on the engine sensor harness.
→If the terminals and connectors are damaged, repair them.
4). Check for +5 volts or Return Open
Perform the following steps to check for +5 volts or return open.
1. Turn vehicle ignition switch OFF.
2. Disconnect the engine harness connector at the ECM.
3. Install a jumper wire between sockets A and C of any sensor connector that reads less than 4.7 volts. Refer to "Check for +5 Volts".
4. Measure resistance between sockets W1 and Y2 of the engine harness connector.
→If the resistance measurement is less than or equal to 5 ohms, refer to "Check for Short to Ground".
→If the resistance measurement is greater than 5 ohms or open, either the engine +5 volt line
(#416), or the return line (#452) is open. Repair the open.
5). Check for Short to Ground
Perform the following steps to check for short to ground.
1. Turn vehicle ignition switch OFF.
2. Remove jumper wire.
3. Measure resistance between sockets A and C of the sensor connector.
4. Measure resistance between socket C of the sensor connector and a good ground.
→If the resistance measurement for both readings is greater than 1,000 ohms or open, refer to "Check ECM Connectors".
→If either resistance measurement is less than or equal to 1,000 ohms, the engine +5 volt line (#416) is shorted to either the sensor return line (#452) or to chassis ground. Repair the short.
6). Check for Short to Battery
Perform the following steps to check for a short to battery.
1. Turn vehicle ignition switch OFF.
2. Remove both fuses to the ECM.
3. Disconnect all five connectors at the ECM.
4. Measure resistance between socket W1 on the engine harness connector and B3 on the vehicle harness connector.
5. Measure resistance between socket W1 on the engine harness connector and the battery (+).
→If the resistance measurement for both readings is greater than 1,000 ohms or open, refer to "Check ECM Connectors".
→If either resistance measurement is less than or equal to 1,000 ohms, a short exists between sockets where reading was taken. Repair the short.
1. Turn vehicle ignition switch OFF.
2. Remove both fuses to the ECM.
3. Disconnect all five connectors at the ECM.
4. Measure resistance between socket W1 on the engine harness connector and B3 on the vehicle harness connector.
5. Measure resistance between socket W1 on the engine harness connector and the battery (+).
→If the resistance measurement for both readings is greater than 1,000 ohms or open, refer to "Check ECM Connectors".
→If either resistance measurement is less than or equal to 1,000 ohms, a short exists between sockets where reading was taken. Repair the short.
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